An accurate method for the detection of pork fat content based on time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance

In recent research, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques have gained widespread use for evaluating meat fat content. However, most studies have primarily relied on transverse relaxation data obtained from Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) pulse sequences for modeling analysis. Despite the convenience of CPMG pulse sequences, it is crucial to note that the key factor in distinguishing fat in meat lies in longitudinal relaxation characteristics rather than the transverse relaxation features of CPMG. To enhance the precision of pork fat content detection using time-domain NMR (TD-NMR) techniques, we introduce the two-dimensional Inversion-Recovery CPMG (IR-CPMG) pulse. This addition aims to improve the accuracy of pork fat content determination by emphasizing the significance of longitudinal relaxation characteristics. To validate our approach, we conducted a meticulous analysis of pork samples with known fat content, employing three pulse sequences: CPMG, Inversion-Recovery (IR), and IR-CPMG. The results not only provided a precise method for determining fat content in pork but also established a benchmark for extending fat content determination to other livestock and poultry meats. Consequently, our proposed TD-NMR technique, incorporating the innovative IR-CPMG pulse, stands out as a robust and reliable approach for enhancing the assessment of fat content in various meat samples. This advancement holds promise for broader applications in meat quality analysis and nutritional studies.