Enhancing Distributed Energy Efficiency through Optimized Cluster Head Re-Election in WSNs

The optimal cluster head re-election method proposed in this study offers a unique way to improve distributed energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Smart energy management plays a crucial role in extending the lifespan of WSNs due to their limited resources. Cluster-based architecture groups nodes into clusters and assigns a cluster head to handle data aggregation and communication with the base station. This architecture is widely used to minimize energy usage. Ineffective cluster head election and selection, however, may cause early energy depletion and network deterioration. Here, the proposal is to choose cluster heads by considering energy levels, communication distance, and data forwarding capabilities in order to tackle this difficulty. By using simulation studies, shows that our suggested strategy performs better than current methods in terms of network lifespan extension and energy efficiency. The results of the study demonstrate how optimal cluster head re-election may enhance WSN performance and promote the adoption of energy-efficient Internet of Things devices.