Spatiotemporal variation and attribution analysis of surface water in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau based on Google Earth Engine

Accurate monitoring of the dynamic changes in surface water bodies is essential for evaluating and managing water resources. However, due to limitations in remote sensing big data calculations, there have been limited studies on the dynamic changes of all types of surface water bodies in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and seasonal variations in surface water bodies cannot be adequately captured. Therefore, this study utilizes the mixed index rule method to generate a time series dataset with 30m resolution for surface water body frequency in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. This dataset reveals spatio-temporal variation characteristics and quantitatively assesses the impact of climate change on trends in water body area. The experiment is conducted using Landsat data and the GEE(Google Earth Engine) cloud platform. Experimental results demonstrate that: (1) Spatially, seasonal water bodies consistently occur within transition areas between permanent water bodies and non-water areas, primarily concentrated near rivers. (2) Temporally, there is a fluctuating downward trend observed in the area of surface water bodies across the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with an overall change rate of -7.29132km
²
/year. (3) Climate change plays a significant role in influencing changes to surface water body area; precipitation directly affects these changes while temperature indirectly impacts them.