Wireless Greenhouse Monitoring using ESP32 and Sensor Array for Sustainable Crop Production

The agricultural sector plays a pivotal role in the economic prosperity of nations, particularly in regions like India, where a substantial portion of the population depends on farming for their livelihood. To address the challenges hindering agricultural development and promote sustainability and efficiency, the concept of smart farming has emerged. Smart farming leverages modern technologies such as sensors, robotics, cloud computing, and GPS to optimize agricultural processes, leading to increased productivity, efficiency, safety, and environmental friendliness. This paper proposes the development of a Wireless Greenhouse Monitoring system, equipped with an advanced sensor array to regulate critical parameters including temperature, carbon dioxide levels, light intensity, soil moisture, and humidity. By employing the ESP32 microcontroller and integrating IoT and ISP technologies, the proposed prototype enables real-time monitoring and control of environmental conditions within the greenhouse. This system offers farmers a comprehensive solution to enhance crop yields while minimizing resource wastage and environmental impact. Through the integration of state-of-the- art technologies, the proposed system represents a significant advancement in greenhouse management for sustainable crop production, thereby contributing to the promotion of smart farming practices in agriculture.