Designing the algorithm for estimating the starting time of the current short circuit fault based on the calculation of the RMS current for electrical power distribution

The main purpose of this paper is to describe the fastest calculation and detection method of short circuit faults by using RMS calculation of line current on the power distribution network. The article first describes the method of sampling the continuous signal and calculating the RMS of the line current. It then explains how, by using the time delay compensation method, it estimates the start time of the short circuit fault quickly and with high accuracy. The important advantage of this method is its ability to be used in hardware with low processing power, such as remote terminals and fault detectors, which leads to a reduction in the cost of manufacturing these products. To further elaborate, the process of short-circuit current calculation is crucial for ensuring the safety and reliability of power systems. Uncontrolled short circuits can lead to service outages, extensive equipment damage, and even personnel injury or fatality. Therefore, it is essential to quickly detect short-circuit faults to prevent such consequences. The paper’s focus on using RMS calculation of line current and time delay compensation method aligns with industry standards and best practices for short-circuit current analysis. These approaches are in line with the requirements for system protection and the need to quickly isolate faulted areas to maintain overall system stability. In summary, this paper not only presents a novel and efficient method for short-circuit fault detection but also emphasizes its practicality by enabling implementation in hardware with low processing power. To evaluate the algorithm, tests were performed in three different modes, the results shows the good accuracy of this algorithm.