Optimization of Maximum Photovoltaic Absorption with Energy Loss Reduction and UPQC-O Placement in Distribution Networks Using Firefly Algorithm

This article is about the optimization of the maximum absorption of photovoltaic power plants in the network with the aim of reducing energy losses, along with the placement of FACTS devices using the firefly algorithm. With the increasing trend of using solar power plants on the roofs of houses and feeding excess energy production into the network, potential problems may arise in the future with the increased use of DGs in the network, such as overvoltage, increased line losses, heat line violations, and power reversal. Therefore, this article attempts to optimize the maximum absorption of photovoltaics (PV Hosting Capacity) in the network in a way that enhances network performance by expanding the voltage range of buses, reducing energy losses, and minimizing current flow in the lines without deteriorating the mentioned indicators. Consequently, the simultaneous optimization of energy losses and PV Hosting Capacity yielded more favorable results. Furthermore, the issue of network power quality was also considered, and for this purpose, Custom Power tools, specifically Open UPQC, were utilized.