Single-Fed CP Antenna With Abrupt Sense Reversal for GNSS and SATCOM Application

In this letter, a single-fed satellite terminal antenna is proposed for vehicular application, which features abrupt circular polarization sense reversal at adjacent frequencies and is capable of being flush-mounted with the metallic platform. The antenna is firstly constructed using pixel structures and is to be regulated through reactive loading. Subsequently, the design challenges are framed as a multi-objective optimization problem and solved using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III (NSGA-III). As a result of optimization, the proposed antenna operates with left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) and right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) characteristics at 1.98-2.01 GHz and 2.17-2.20 GHz, respectively, which corresponds to the uplink and downlink bands for TianTong system (TTS). Additionally, it can cover GPS L1 and L5 bands with linear polarization (LP) to provide precise dual-frequency satellite navigation. The proposed design is a promising candidate for modern vehicular satellite antennas.