A Brief Overview of Early Warning and Prediction Methods for Lithium-ion Battery Thermal Runaway

With the rapid development and gradual popularization of electric vehicles (EVs) in recent years, lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have become a good choice for EVs by virtue of their excellent energy density, yet the safety issue of Li-ion batteries cannot be ignored. To alleviate this concern, great attention has been paid from both academia and industry. This review first introduces the principle for the thermal runaway of Li-ion batteries and then summarizes the recent research findings for the thermal runaway warning of Li-ion batteries. Finally, the future direction of thermal runaway warning development is discussed. This study has the potential to establish foundational insights into the phenomenon of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway, thereby offering valuable guidance for advancing research in the development of warning systems for batteries.