A Real-Time Implementation of Impedance-Based Stability Analysis for Inverter-Based Resources

Stability analysis is needed to investigate the root causes of oscillations observed in modern power systems with increasing penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) globally. Frequency scanning techniques are effective in extracting impedance profiles from black-box IBR systems for impedance-based stability analysis. Control-hardware-in-the-loop (CHIL) tests can facilitate the study of control interactions of one or multiple IBRs or between them and other power system components. This paper discusses a configurable lab setup for impedance-based stability analysis of black-box IBR models in CHIL tests using real-time simulators (RTS). Frequency scanning tests are demonstrated in a real-time electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation and a CHIL test. This lab-scale setup enables conducting stability analysis for different types of IBR models and controllers, especially for analysis based on black-box models.