Selection of the Probing Signal and Primary Processing of the Reflected Signal in On-Board Radars for Mapping the Arctic Surface and Analyzing the Ice Situation

The Arctic region attracts more and more attention from year to year. Technical and target conditions for the active use of the Arctic have been formed. Modern geological exploration tools have identified the locations and characteristics of rich mineral deposits. Large-scale activities have been carried out to develop Arctic shipping, which allows for large intercity and international transport flows. There is an active formation of the Arctic infrastructure: scientific research bases, large industrial enterprises, objects of extraction of fossil materials, as well as civilian settlements. Network communication systems and the Internet have become widespread. All of the above indicates one thing: the Arctic is not so far away now, it can and should be developed. To ensure economic management in this region, information about the situation in the Arctic is necessary, in particular, exploration and mapping of the Arctic surface in areas of interest, which can be successfully handled by radar stations installed on an flying platform. The present work is devoted to study of such a question as the choice of a complex signal and its parameters for probing the Arctic surface, as well as primary (intraperiodic) processing of the reflected signal at on-board radar stations in order to extract useful information and build a map of the Arctic surface.