Structural Minimization and Microminiaturization of Microwave Photonic Means for Modulation and Forming of Probing Radiations

The created modulating and forming devices contain, in a minimal structure, a special laser diode and two modulators, the first of which is calibrated (master) and has a significant impact on the accuracy of modulation and forming in second (functional), and ensuring the operating modes of both modulators affects the complexity of the devices structure. The last one element is photoreceiver with given characteristics as laser diode ones. The purpose of the work is to present developed devices for various implementation with a minimized structure and simple control, which allow achieving results similar to those obtained using complex multi-stage, two-port, dual, parallel, polarization divided Mach-Zehnder modulators, accompanied with acousto-optic and polarization modulators. Their advantages can become more significant using microminiaturization technologies – combined microwave and photonic, photonic and quantum integrated circuits (PIC), especially under the influence of external climatic factors. These aspects are discussed in the report using the examples of instantaneous frequencies measurements, broadband spectral characteristics of modulators and photoreceivers, quantum key distribution systems with frequency coding.