Investigation of Conditions for Reducing the Number of False Wind Shear Detections in the Onboard Ka-band Radar for Polar Latitudes

This work is devoted to the study of conditions under which signals emitted and received after re-reflections from the Earth’s surface along the side lobes of the directional pattern of the antennas of on-board meteorological navigation radars can be displayed on the indicator in the form of areas of dangerous wind shear for flight. At the same time, if there are significant dimensional restrictions on the use of X-band antennas, it is possible to proceed to sensing at Ka-band wavelengths. The requirements for antenna directional patterns also change, which make it possible to reduce such passive interference to a level where false wind shear regions are not detected, since the specific surface scattering area increases significantly compared to the $\mathbf{X}$-wavelength range of antennas. In addition, the study is aimed at clarifying the requirements for antenna systems that will be used to operate airborne radars in polar latitudes, that is, in the presence of an underlying surface in the form of a snowy desert and a model of wind shear occurring in an Arctic snow-ice cloud with a smaller one. A solution based on the synthesis of asymmetric radiation patterns with a reduced level of lateral radiation in the lower hemisphere is proposed.