Process and Suppression Method of Backward Current in a Diode Packaged With Permanent Magnet

In the field of high-power microwave (HPM) devices with low magnetic fields, the efficiency, impedance, and stability of the diode are significantly reduced by the backward current. This article investigates the process that backward current bombards the anode, leading to anode ions bombarding the cathode rod, and ultimately enhancing the cathode rod emission. The study also examines the reasons behind the sharp change in diode impedance and the effect of the anode material on the diode. Finally, methods for suppressing the backward current are presented, including the anode material and cathode rod structure. The experiments demonstrate that these methods can suppress the backward current, enhance diode impedance, and improve diode impedance stability and structure lifetime.