Double Negetive Metamaterial-Embeded Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ka and V-Band Applications

Metamaterials (MTMs) have gained significant attention for their unique electromagnetic properties. Enhancing the gain and bandwidth of microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) is one of their applications. This article presents the design of a split square-shaped double negative metamaterial (DNMTM) for improving the gain and bandwidth of a microstrip patch antenna (MPA). The proposed metamaterial-embedded MPA exhibits resonance at three frequencies: $35.22 \mathrm{GHz}, 43.25 \mathrm{GHz}$, and 47.70GHz, with corresponding bandwidths of $2.54 \mathrm{GHz}, 3.15 \mathrm{GHz}$, and 5.42 GHz. The return losses at these resonance points are $-51.96 \mathrm{~dB}$, $-44.63 \mathrm{~dB}$, and $-49.68 \mathrm{~dB}$, respectively. The DNMTM utilizes silver as a resonator on a quartz substrate (dielectric constant 3.75). The design of the MPA consists of three layers: a copper ground and a patch, with a quartz substrate in between. The antenna is simulated and optimized utilizing the CST Microwave Studio software. The gain and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the antenna are $8.64 \mathrm{dBi}, 7.80 \mathrm{dBi}$, and 7.47 $\mathrm{dBi} ; 1.0051,1.0118$, and 1.0066, respectively. These outcomes affirm the viability of the proposed dual-band antenna exhibits high gain and enhanced bandwidth, as confirmed by these results. These attributes render it well-suited for dual-band wireless communication systems, including applications in microwaves, radar systems, and 5G communication systems.