Modeling and Analysis of Small-Scale Solar PV and Li-ion Battery-based Smartgrid System

In rural areas of Bangladesh, frequent load shedding occurs due to insufficient power generation and low priority levels. To address this issue, a combination of lithiumion batteries and small-scale solar PV systems not only meets the electricity demand but also enables surplus energy sales to the grid. Employing a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation, this approach optimizes battery utilization by predicting the optimal replacement time based on ageing models. A comprehensive framework for a cost-efficient, small-scale smart grid system integrating solar PV technology with lithium-ion battery storage is developed. The system seamlessly switches between solar PV and grid power during grid outages, with excess solar PV energy stored in the battery for nighttime consumption. The developed model utilized a solar system with a capacity of around 12 kW and six inverters with a capacity of 2 kW each. The proposed smart grid system yields approximately 106.8 % profit in energy provision, resulting in an annual revenue of 50.92 ${\$}$. This research highlights the potential of integrating solar PV and battery storage to enhance energy reliability and financial viability in rural electrification initiatives.