Carrier Phase Based Relative Positioning Using MUSIC-Based ToA Estimation with High Resolution

This paper explores the challenges of high-resolution time of arrival (ToA) estimation in the context of 5G New Radio systems, with a focus on indoor positioning. We introduce a novel two-step methodology that combines sequential component cancellation and the multiple signal classification algorithm to accurately estimate the number of multipath fading components and their specific parameters, including arrival times and amplitudes. We use the proposed algorithm to measure the relative position of user equipment in an indoor 5G network using the change in phase of the uplink carrier signal of the line-of-sight path, and demonstrate exceptional tracking ability in our physical experiments.