Optimizing Environmental Parameters in Smart Greenhouse Design with IoT and Sensor Networks

This paper explores contemporary agricultural practices and cutting-edge technologies to improve crop yields. Implementing an intelligent greenhouse model that automates farm tasks, minimizing manual intervention. The closed structure of the greenhouse shields plants from adverse weather conditions such as temperature extremes, humidity fluctuations, and variations in air and soil moisture. The study introduces an innovative automatic irrigation system to address the shortcomings of traditional agricultural irrigation methods, emphasizing efficient water consumption control and energy utilization. The proposed system integrates a distributed wireless sensor network, including soil moisture, humidity, and temperature sensors, utilizing the Blynk cloud-based IoT platform and ThinkSpeak, Soil moisture and temperature sensors feed data to NodeMCU V3 ESP8266 WiFi transceiver module controller, A key feature is integrating Android applications and web servers, enabling remote control and monitoring. This technological innovation ensures control over water and energy resources and changes climates, thereby creating sustainable and technologically driven agrarian practices.