Characteristics of Vortex Beams Generated by Uniform Concentric Circular Array

Vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) has attracted significant attention due to its additional degree of freedom. In this paper, the characteristics of the vortex beams with different array parameters generated by the uniform concentric circular array (UCCA) are investigated. Firstly, the radiation models for a single uniform circular array (UCA) and a UCCA are established based on array theory. Then, several numerical simulations are conducted to compare the characteristics of vortex beams generated by a single UCA and a two-lap UCCA. The simulation results show that the sidelobe level of the two-lap UCCA can be reduced by 6.13 dB compared to the single UCA.