A Design Approach for Space-time-coding Metasurface with Low Sidelobe Levels Beamforming Utilizing Taylor Synthesis

In this paper, a joint magnitude-and-phase (MAP) equivalent model based on space-time-coding (STC) metasurface has been proposed to achieve suppression of sidelobe level (SLL) under normally incident plane waves. The proposed approach addresses the limitation of traditional phase-only metasurfaces, which cannot form relative magnitudes between elements for special weight fitting. Numerical simulations demonstrate that by establishing appropriate time sequences, the peak sidelobe level (PSLL) across all steered angles can be significantly reduced from approximately -10 dB, typical of conventional 2-bit metasurfaces, to about -28 dB with a set Taylor weight of -35 dB. This suggests potential enhancements in radar detection and anti-jamming performance