A High on-Body Efficiency Metal-Frame Antenna Based on Unidirectional Ground Current

The efficiency of an antenna is a critical factor to consider when designing mobile phone antennas. It has a direct impact on the strength of the signal and the overall user experience of mobile phones. Under the influence of human tissues, particularly in the lower frequency range, the efficiency of the antenna may be significantly reduced to exceptionally low levels. The proposed paper introduces a novel high-efficiency antenna designed for metal-framed smartphones, which can cover common low-frequency bands such as B5, B8, and B28. This study takes into account the impact of hand gripping on the antenna's performance. Utilizing the principles of unidirectional currents reduce the impact of hand gripping on the antenna's performance to a certain extent, achieving higher efficiency and providing great potential for future communication technologies.