A Wireless Biosensor Node for Real-Time Crop Monitoring in Precision Agriculture

This paper presents a wireless biosensor for in vivo and real-time plant monitoring, with a dedicated remote server, web interface, and cloud data storage. The biosensor is based on a two-wire organic electrochemical transistor nested in the plant stem. When stimulated, the device provides relevant information on the concentration of nutrients in the sap, allowing assessment of the plant health status and early detection of drought stress. The system is based on an ultra-low power circuit interface and a microcontroller with an embedded NbIoT/LTE-M radio. Preliminary results show that the biosensor node can operate under battery for several months, making it suitable for several seasonal crops.