A 24–71-GHz Tri-Mode Mixer Using Harmonic Selection for Multi-Band 5G NR

This paper presents a tri-mode band-selection CMOS down-conversion mixer supporting the 5G NR standards over 24.25–71 GHz. The harmonic-selection technique reduces the required local oscillator (LO) frequency range and power consumption. The second-harmonic selection mode works for the 39-GHz and 47-GHz bands, while the fundamental-selected and third-harmonic selection modes operate for the 28-GHz and 60-GHz bands, respectively. Besides, in cooperation with the proposed multi-phase LO, the mixing components behave destructively for the undesired harmonics and constructively for the desired component, which shows the rejection of unwanted harmonics. Fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process, this work presents flat conversion gain and more than 20-dB rejections to the undesired harmonic components at all operation bands. The required LO frequency range is only 10 GHz. Occupying a core area of 0.0077 mm
²
, the proposed mixer consumes power of 12-21 mW in three modes under a 1-V supply.