Usable PMU Angular Difference Measurements in the Power System State Estimator

This paper describes a methodology to incorporate voltage phasors in a large-scale power system state estimator (SE) to improve the quality of its solution. Each voltage difference measurement is implemented as two voltage magnitude measurements and one angular difference measurement. Methodology to identify bad angular difference measurements and remove them from the SE solution is developed. A rule for replacing some pseudo measurements by voltage phasor difference measurements to improve the quality of SE solution is presented. These enhancements enable the use of PMU voltage phasors in SE to improve the accuracy and the quality of the SE solution.