Electronic Tongue (E-tongue) for Toxic Bioamine Determination in Food Quality Analysis using Polymerized Gold Electrode with Poly Toluidine Blue

Electronic tongues have shown great potential in determining the properties of food and enhancing the safety of consumers by ensuring food quality. Bioamines serve as chemical indicators for the hygienic conditions of food and beverages. An elevated level of certain bioamine in food, such as tyramine, gives rise to potentially harmful carcinogenic compounds and exerts significant adverse health effects on humans. Therefore, it is essential to innovate a user-friendly, effective, and rapid bioamine detection method for determining tyramine levels in a variety of foods and beverages. This work reports an electronic tongue combined with the method of electrochemical sensing having distinct advantages, such as simple, and cost-effective fabrication, high sensitivity, repeatability, stability, and good selectivity. The proposed electronic tongue exhibited a remarkable sensitivity of $208.46 \mu \mathrm{A} \mu \mathrm{M}^{-1} \mathrm{~cm}^{-2}$, with a limit of detection of $0.045 \mu \mathrm{M}$ within the tyramine concentration range of 0.1 to $500 \mu \mathrm{M}$. The modified food quality analysis device showcased a promising approach for food quality assessment and safety control of human health.