C-Band Compact Injection Phase-Locked E-Shaped Waveguide Relativistic Extended Interactions Oscillator

A compact and high-efficiency injection phase-locked E-shaped waveguide relativistic extended interaction oscillator (IL-REIO) is introduced in this article. This device features an input cavity designed for a premodulated electron beam, aiming to boost power output, minimize interaction length, and enhance electronic efficiency. Space allocated for the guidance system is achieved by analyzing mode characteristics within the output cavity, ensuring optimal performance. Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations reveal that the proposed IL-REIO achieves a saturated output power of 112 MW at 5.76 GHz, with an electron efficiency of 41.5% and a swift frequency locking time under 18 ns. These results are obtained with electron beam parameters of 450 kV and 600 A and a modest magnetic field of 0.27 T. The device’s slow wave structure, approximately five wavelengths long, notably reduces the interaction distance, magnet weight, and overall volume.