Exposing Algorithmic Discrimination and Its Consequences in Modern Society: Insights from a Scoping Study

Algorithmic discrimination is a condition that arises when data-driven software unfairly treats users based on attributes like ethnicity, race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, age, disability, or other personal characteristics. Nowadays, as machine learning gains popularity, cases of algorithmic discrimination are increasingly being reported in several contexts. This study delves into various studies published over the years reporting algorithmic discrimination. We aim to support software engineering researchers and practitioners in addressing this issue by discussing key characteristics of the problem.LAY ABSTRACTIn recent years, data bias has posed significant challenges for minority groups, leading to systems and algorithms discriminating against Women, Black communities, people with disabilities, and LGBTQIA+ individuals. Recognizing this bias is the crucial first step toward devising solutions. This study maps and discusses instances of algorithmic discrimination across various societal domains.CCS CONCEPTS•Software and its engineering → Software creation and management.