The Model of Wireless Sensor Network with Dynamic Packet Routing

This article describes the composition of an agricultural wireless sensor network including a sensor node, an actuator node and a coordinator node. Based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard, a hybrid network architecture with node synchronization through time-slot mechanism is proposed. A model of wireless sensor network that includes the formative functions of nodes is presented, allowing to abandon the matrix of energy characteristics and to describe the elements of the network in a simplified form. A hybrid method of packet routing in a wireless sensor network based on a genetic algorithm is described, which makes it possible to construct a routing table, considering the constraints on the marginal number of transmissions through each node of the network and, as a consequence, to increase its energy efficiency. The results of experimental studies on a wireless sensor network with a random configuration of nodes in space are presented and show a 30-40% reduction in the workload of nodes-retransmitters of data packets when increasing the total length of routes by 10%.