Electrical Power Required for Residential Charging of Electric Cars – A Case Study from Skalka Housing Estate in Ústí Nad Labem

The electrification of road transport can have significant impacts on the load on the electrical grid. It depends mainly on the number of vehicles being charged simultaneously and the charging power. However, it is unlikely that all cars will be charging at the same time. In this paper, a case study estimating the future load on the electric network by residential charging of electric cars in the Skalka housing estate in Ústí nad Labem is presented. In this study, vehicle stays in the area of the Skalka housing estate during the measured day were recorded, to which were subsequently assigned in several iterations model data on the distance traveled on the measured day and scenarios of usual vehicle use, established on basis of the outputs of the travel behavior survey “Cesko v pohybu”. The charging times of the vehicles were derived from distance traveled, energy consumption and charging power. The performed iterations were subsequently statistically evaluated. Three strategies of charging were compared: unmanaged daily charging, managed daily charging and unmanaged occasional charging (after approx. 150–200 km). The conclusion is that in the least favorable case, which was unmanaged daily charging, a power corresponding to 1.2-1.3 kW per apartment in the location is needed. In the case of managed daily charging, the power peak shifts to the night hours and its value drops to half. In the case of occasional charging, the number of charging stations corresponding to one fifth of the number of electric cars is sufficient.