Information Technologies in the Design of Energy Efficient Buildings

The introduction of energy efficient technologies in the construction and reconstruction of residential buildings is a necessary and mandatory condition for improving the environmental situation in populated areas and on the earth in general. Increasing the energy efficiency of buildings, first of all is a reduction in the specific value of energy resource consumption, which can be achieved by the use of architectural, functional-technological, structural and engineering solutions that affect the energy efficiency of buildings, as well as the use of devices, materials and technologies that are used in buildings, with the aim of rational use of energy resources. This involves simultaneous consideration of many parameters to obtain an informed choice of architectural, structural, and engineering solutions. The article discusses the use of information technologies in the design of energy efficient buildings, pays special attention to the stage of creating a project concept and proposes to carry out energy modeling as a separate stage of design work. At the energy modeling stage, the authors propose an algorithm/methodology using the Design PH, PHPP, Archicad, Ansys software packages, which makes it possible to justify the selected solutions for the building envelope and building engineering systems with high energy efficiency indicators, close to the passive house standard. The information model is generated in the Archicad program, which performs preliminary energy modeling and calculations of thermal bridges. The initial model with its parameters is translated into the PHPP program, where the energy balance of the building is calculated based on extensive initial parameters and systems, the energy balance is calculated with changes in the selected system parameters, the results are compared, and a reasonable best solution is selected. The information model is generated in the Archicad BIM environment in such a way that it can be used at all stages of design, as well as in subsequent life cycles. With the development of software, it becomes possible for all related specialists, as well as the customer, to interactively participate in a single BIM model, which significantly speeds up the development and approval of the project, increases the ability to use and manipulate a huge amount of parametric data to create an energy efficient project, optimize construction and life cycle. The article provides an example of the use of information technology in the design of an energy efficient residential building in the Moscow region.