Green Wave Control Strategy for Optimal Energy Consumption by Model Predictive Control in Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles are becoming increasingly popular as a sustainable alternative to traditional combustion engine vehicles. However, to fully realize the potential of EVs in reducing environmental impact and energy consumption, efficient control strategies are essential. This study explores the application of green wave control using model predictive control for electric vehicles, coupled with energy consumption modeling using neural networks. The strategy consists of three components: a fuel consumption model, a powertrain model, and an optimization algorithm. These components work together to generate an optimal vehicle control plan that minimizes energy usage while maintaining desired performance levels. The green wave control strategy utilizes anticipated roadway information to vary the vehicle's speed within a preset speed window, ensuring an energy-saving operation. The results show that the green wave control strategy can lead to significant fuel savings, making electric vehicles even more sustainable and cost-effective.