Modeling of Microwave Label-Free Microfluidic Biosensors for Cell Analysis

This paper proposes biosensors designed specifically for dielectric spectroscopy on biological cells while they are in their liquid culture medium, covering the microwave frequency spectrum from 10 GHz to 50 GHz. This frequency range is suitable for measurements with very low concentrations of cells. The biosensors are designed by integrating an inter-digitated capacitor (IDC) with a microfluidic system onto the radio frequency (RF) circuit. Microfluidic systems, on the other hand, provide device reliability prevent potential fluid leakage, and enhance transport for controlling the flow conditions. In this way, noninvasive and contactless analysis of biological cells with a 10
$\mu\mathrm{m}$
diameter was conducted using microwave technology. The in-liquid microwave simulation of fewer than 8 cells going to one cell is successfully performed. In the case of low cell concentration, the response of our biosensor is directly proportional to the number of cells present on the interdigitated capacitor (IDC). This feature enables the quantification of cells using microwave sensing techniques. The described bio-detection method is outlined, demonstrating the enhancements made to improve the accuracy and repeatability of simulations, leading to the achievement of adequate results.