Advancing Solar Energy Efficiency: Exploring Quantum Well Integration in Kesterite-Based Thin Film Solar Cells

Thin-film solar cells made from kesterite have gar-nered considerable attention as a cost-efficient option for sus-tainable energy production. Within kesterite compositions, CZTS is notable for its ability to lower production expenses without compromising performance. Examining the incorporation of a multiple quantum well (MQW) layer to improve the efficiency of CZTS solar cells. The MQW layer, strategically placed between the CZTS absorber layer and the Mo anode contact, enhances photon absorption across different energy levels. Examining two different QW layers, CZTS and Cu2ZnSn(Sx, Se1-x)4 (CZTSSe), to see how they improve solar cell performance. Using SILVACO TCAD for simulation, the software evaluates the effect of MQW layers on the efficiency, current density, and voltage of solar cells. The results show notable enhancements in solar cell performance due to the inclusion of the M Q W layers. The optimised solar cell demonstrates an efficiency of 25 %, a current density of 33.1 mA/cm
²
, and a voltage of 0.9V. These results emphasise how using particular MQW layers, like CZTS and CZTSSe, can enhance the performance metrics of kesterite-based thin-film solar cells. The improved performance obtained with the MQW layers is due to their capacity to enhance photon absorption, leading to better utilisation of incoming solar radiation. Through careful adjustments to the composition and placement of the MQW layers, it is feasible to enhance the light-capturing abilities of the solar cell, resulting in increased efficiencies and enhanced overall performance.