Trajectory-Driven Efficiency: An Energy-Efficient Opportunistic Routing Protocol for Industrial IoT Wireless Sensor Networks

The rapid expansion of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in the realm of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) demands sophisticated routing protocols to ensure energy efficiency and reliable communication. This paper introduces a novel Energy-Efficient Opportunistic Routing Protocol Based on Trajectory Prediction (EORB-TP) to address these challenges in industrial environments. The research identifies the need for dynamic adaptation to industrial dynamics and changing environmental conditions, prompting the development of trajectory prediction models using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). EORB-TP intelligently leverages these models for dynamic routing decisions, strategically optimizing data transmission paths to minimize energy consumption. The proposed system’s efficiency is demonstrated through a comprehensive experimental study, showcasing superior performance in terms of network lifetime, energy consumption, end-to-end delay, and routing cost compared to existing protocols. This innovative protocol offers a promising solution for enhancing the sustainability and efficiency of Wireless Sensor Networks in Industrial IoT applications, paving the way for resilient and resource-conscious industrial monitoring systems.