Terrestrial Moisture Sensor using IoT and Neutralizing pH Value of the Soil

The Internet of Things (IoT) has a huge influence on machine-to-machine (M2M) and machine-to-human (M2H) technologies, which in turn have caused major changes in society. Country’s ability to provide its citizens with food is largely dependent on its agriculture industry. Farmers continue to lack access to technological innovations and advancements in their industry, which causes them to suffer financial losses so we need soil monitoring system. Many chemical and physical properties of the soil, such as temperature, moisture content, and concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, have a significant impact on crop yield. In order to preserve soil fertility and productivity, farmers can benefit from the increased awareness of continuous cropping and minimum fertilizer use provided by modern communication and progressive digital systems. In order to help farmers in the future with affordable and equable automated irrigation system, a low-cost prototype for measuring soil moisture, temperature, pH level and we plan to measure the soil NPK values using sensors. Our proposed work suggests the farmers what nutrient to be added to get better yield using a microcontroller, sensor in conjunction with GSM technology and IoT for continuous analyses of the soil. It will support the efficient cultivation of the land by encouraging moderate pesticide application and soil fertilization.