Preparation of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell With Modification of Photoanode by g-C3N4/NiS/TiO2 Nanofibers and Its Performance Under Outdoor and Indoor Illumination

In this study, a novel composite material, g-C
₃
N
₄
- NiS (CN-NiS), was synthesized by the hydrothermal method through the combination of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C
₃
N
₄
) and nickel sulfide (NiS). Furthermore, an electrospinning technique was employed to incorporate CN-NiS into titanium dioxide (TiO
₂
) nanofibers, resulting in the formation of a new type of composite nanofibers (CN-NiS/TiO
₂
NFs) to be used as a photoanode in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The nanomaterial was characterized, and the charge recombination and performance of the device after modifying the photoanode were evaluated. Firstly, the photovoltaic performance of the modified DSSCs under outdoor illumination (AM 1.5G) was examined. The photoanode with CN-NiS/TiO
₂
NFs achieved an 6.65% photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE), demonstrating significant improvement compared to the unmodified DSSCs. Additionally, the PCE of CN-NiS/TiO
₂
NFs photoanode under indoor illumination (T5 fluorescent lamp) reached a maximum of 25.10%.