Overview of Challenges of Microgrid Clusters

Environmental issues and increasing power demand are driving the development of microgrids (MGs), which can operate in AC, DC or mixed AC/DC technology. Although the development of MGs is mature, some issues still need to be solved, such as the limited power of renewable energy sources and the demand for smart MG technologies to manage energy storage systems and electric vehicle loads. The need to interconnect different MGs in a coordinated manner to form microgrid clusters (MGCs) to improve stability, enhance energy control and develop complementary services is also receiving increasing attention. This paper reviews the current challenges of the new paradigm of MGCs and addresses the computational tools required for their operation, optimal control of operation and planning, stability concerns and integration in energy markets.