Investigation and Implementation of Miniaturized Microwave System for Linear Array Antenna Loaded With Omega Structures Planar Array

This paper investigates and implements a miniaturized microwave system for microstrip linear array antenna that operates in X-band (10.1 GHz), S-band (3.4 GHz) and C-band (5.6 GHz). The microwave system consists of three parts: a power divider, a directional coupler, and a matching network stub. These systems feed a linear array (16 elements) of patch antennas loaded with resonance planar omega structures array (160 elements) distributed in both patch (64 elements) and ground (96 elements) as the metamaterial structures for miniaturization purpose. The 1-to-2 divider feeds two directional couplers that act as phase shifters. The couplers fed a set of 1-to-4 dividers that in return feed a series of patch antennas. The system has been simulated and measured using microwave analyzer. The system is designed, analyzed and implemented using Roger substrate of thickness 1.27mm and 10.2 dielectric constant and simulated using HFSS. The proposed miniaturized array introduces a gain of 8, return loss of -24 dB and radiation efficiency of 90%. There is a good agreement between the simulation results and the measured values. The proposed array covers applications in mobile communication systems and Wi-MAX.