Intelligent Tire Algorithm Enabling Simultaneous Detection of Loading and Wear Status of Truck and Bus Tires

The interaction between the tire and road is significant in regulating vehicle dynamics. This study attempts to provide supportive information by developing an intelligent tire that simultaneously detects vertical load and tread wear status, which are representative elements of this interaction. We selected an accelerometer as the tire sensing device to secure durability and developed algorithms with limited features to extend sensor battery life by minimizing wireless communication between the sensor and outside of the tire. We discovered that the tire-global deflection, which is tightly coupled to the vertical load, could be estimated relatively accurately by recovering the sensor trajectory with 2-axis accelerations. We also identified a combination of features that can detect center wear, which is an issue of significant research and commercial interest.