Optimization Method for LEO Constellation Frequency Compatibility Simulation Parameters

In this paper, global interference scenarios are constructed for both uplink and downlink, focusing on co-channel interference between low earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation systems, and interference calculations are performed for co-located ground stations. The mathematical correlation between simulation time parameters and the spatial and beam characteristics of the constellation system is investigated from two perspectives: time step and duration design. The mathematical model for determining the time parameters is established based on the relative positions of satellites and ground stations, orbital characteristics, and antenna beam configurations. We analyze the characteristic curves of time step and duration variations, as well as compare different antenna beam widths for uplink and downlink. The magnitude of simulation duration increments with different beam widths is investigated to enhance the efficiency of interference evaluation and analysis, and the curve of interference-to-noise ratio is analyzed. Compared with the actual data registered by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), our method is able to capture the instantaneous worst-case interference in the system under typical conditions. In addition, it gives recommendations regarding the range of interference deviation percentages that can be obtained by choosing different simulation time parameters, thus demonstrating the accuracy and validity.