Analysis and Study of Photonic Crystal Fiber Using Different Structures

This manuscript introduces the development of various forms of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs), including hexagonal, square, and circular structural shapes. The hexagonal and square structures studied in this work are composed of five circular air holes, while the circular structure consists of six air holes around a solid core on a silica background. For the examination of optical characteristics of these proposed fibers, such as effective index, chromatic dispersion, and confinement losses, Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method with perfectly matched layers was employed. A comparison among the different fiber structures was conducted. The results of this comparison revealed that, at a wavelength of 1.55 μm, the hexagonal PCF exhibited the lowest confinement loss value, measuring at -1.5498e-19 dB/m. On the other hand, the circular PCFs displayed the minimal value of chromatic dispersion at 7.0168e-5 ps/(km•nm).