Did You Do Well? Real-Time Personalized Feedback on Catheter Placement in Augmented Reality-Assisted Neurosurgical Training

External ventricular drain (EVD) is a common neurosurgical procedure often performed by junior trainees to relieve pressure buildup inside the brain by inserting a catheter to drain fluid. Recent work shows that the integration of Augmented Reality (AR) improves catheter placement accuracy by visualizing the brain ventricular anatomy and other guidance as holograms. However, trainees often require feedback on their overall performance. Therefore, we demonstrate an AR-assisted neurosurgical training tool that provides real-time personalized feedback to trainees based on their manipulation of the surgical environment and their eye gaze patterns. Furthermore, we developed a segmentation tool that automatically segments and visualizes brain ventricular models in AR. We show-case how real-time AR feedback can assist trainees in improving their EVD performances over various shapes of brain ventricular anatomies that pose varying levels of challenges.