PIN Diode-Based Switchable Polarized Microstrip Patch Antenna for GPS L1 Application

This paper explores the switchable polarization capability of microstrip patch antenna by utilizing PIN diode to examine how it is influenced by the polarization mismatch. The polarization of electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna may experience depolarization during propagation, leading to polarization loss factor (PLF) and decreasing received power intensity. The proposed switchable polarized microstrip patch antenna, which is designed to address the depolarization issue for Global Positioning System (GPS) L1 application, is primarily developed on an RT/Duroid 5880 dielectric substrate. The realized microstrip patch antenna demonstrates the capability to switch between circular and linear polarizations using four PIN diodes.