Design and Analysis of a mm Wave W Shaped Patch Antenna with Dual-Band Characteristics

This research introduces a novel ‘W’ shaped microstrip patch antenna designed for 5G applications, showcasing dual-band characteristics. Incorporating a small notch aligned to the radiative edge, the antenna employs a 0.5mm thick substrate of FR-4, nestled between copper-made patch and ground layers. Remarkably compact at 7.8432 mm
³
(3mm
^×
5mm
^×
0.523mm), it outstrips existing devices in size efficiency, making it an ideal choice for compact devices. Operating at 29.6 GHz and 35.45 GHz, covering the 5G Ka-Band spectrum, the proposed ‘W’-shaped design enhances radiation performance. Results from simulations conducted in CST Microwave Studio reveal outstanding performance, featuring remarkable return loss values of -33.4 dB and -39.6 dB, accompanied by bandwidths of 1900 MHz and 2500 MHz at their respective frequencies. The antenna exhibits 5.78 dBi at 29.6 GHz and 5.3 dBi at 35.45 GHz, indicating a highly directed far-field pattern. With its dual-band efficiency and high directionality, this antenna proves versatile for diverse applications, including 5G network installations in mobile devices, HD video distribution in radio systems, satellite communication, doppler radar, and various high-bandwidth communication operations.