Gas Detection Utilizing Soliton Effect Pulse Compression in a Hollow Core Photonic Crystal Fiber

Gas detection finds various industrial applications, and diverse techniques have been employed for this purpose. A recent addition to these methods involves leveraging hollow core photonic crystal fiber. Due to the hollow nature of its core, it can be filled with the target gas for sensing, allowing light to pass through. This paper introduces a novel sensing technique utilizing the evolution of ultra short pulses in hollow core photonic crystal fiber. When ultra-short pulses are introduced at one end, the pulse propagates through the fiber, but the shape of the pulse changes for different sensing materials because of different fiber properties. Consequently, gas sensing can be achieved by analyzing the compression of the pulse, the changed peak power of the pulse at the output end. A minimum compression sensitivity of 64% and maximum power increment of pulse of 369.07 W have been achieved for CO
2
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