Window Parameter-Optimized W-Transform Method and Its Application

The W-transform (WT) employs a Gaussian window modulated by instantaneous frequency to enhance low-frequency energy detection in geological reservoirs. However, its time–frequency spectrum suffers from poor energy concentration and dispersion of low-frequency energy. This letter introduces the window parameter-optimized WT (WPO-WT), which refines the window function using two novel parameters: the energy suppression factor and the trend factor. These factors precisely control the height and width of the window function, significantly improving energy focus around the dominant frequency. Application of the WPO-WT to synthetic signals and field seismic data in the South China Sea demonstrates its effectiveness in improving both the resolution and energy concentration of the time–frequency spectrum.