Leveraging Network Analysis to Understand Centralities of the Cairo Metro System Enhancing Transportation Planning and Management in Cairo

The Cairo Metro is one of the oldest and most extensive metro systems in Africa and Middle East, serving millions of passengers daily in the Egyptian capital. It has a total length of approximately 100 kilometres with 74 stations across Line 1, Line 2, and Line 3, making it a vital mode of transportation in the city. Understanding the dynamics of this subway system and identifying key stations or routes with high centrality is crucial for efficient transportation planning and management. This paper focuses on computing centralities of the Cairo Metro using network analysis techniques, including degree centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality, to assess the importance and influence of different stations and routes in the Cairo Metro network. We leverage computational methods and algorithms to analyze large-scale subway network data, including station locations and connections. The results highlight stations with high centralities, providing insights for transportation planners and policymakers to make informed decisions and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the Cairo Metro system. Further research can extend this analysis to incorporate additional factors for a comprehensive understanding of the Cairo Metro's centrality and optimise its transportation planning and management, improving transportation efficiency, accessibility, economic development, and environmental sustain-ability in Cairo and the surrounding region.