Bond-Graph Modeling and Simulation of Nonlinear Bioprocesses in Wastewater Treatment with Biomechatronic: A Case Study of an Egyptian Plant

This work represents the modeling of wastewater treatment processes. The wastewater treatment plant operates optimally within specific parameters. Consequently, utilizing sensors at critical stages of water treatment for automation can significantly streamline operations in smart cities 4.0. So, the model of the bond graph was created using 20 sim. Bond graph models are used to represent the dynamics of complex systems, such as wastewater treatment processes. The model was built using data from a real plant in Egypt. It was carried out using the primary technology for treating different types of wastewater. Preliminary, primary, secondary, tertiary, and advanced wastewater treatment are broad phrases used to describe different levels of treatment. The research focuses on Bond Graph modeling of nonlinear bioprocesses. Reaction schemes are used to construct intricate wastewater treatment processes that involve biomethanation, or biodegradation with methane gas production. A Continuous Stirred bioreactor is used for this bioprocess. Utilizing the 20sim modeling and simulation environment, the resultant Bond Graph models are created along with different simulations, and hardware verification is done.