Performance of Fiber Optic Sensors Based on Waist Enlarged Tapers for Solubility of Naringin in Water

The concentration of naringin in food is crucial for various purposes, such as controlling bitterness, maintaining quality, promoting health benefits, optimizing formulation, and ensuring regulatory compliance. By utilizing fiber optic sensors, we can accurately measure the solubility of naringin in water, contributing to the improvement of naringin-related processes and applications. The objective of this project is to design and fabricate Single mode-Multimode-Single mode (SMS) and Multimode-Single mode-Multimode (MSM) sensors with waist enlarged tapers. The performance of both sensors on the solubility of naringin in water was analyzed. To achieve this objective, two sensor structures were developed using the Commercial Splicer Fujikura FSM 18-R, based on the Mach Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) concept. The structures had different overlap distances ranging from 30 µm to 150 µm. To measure the sensitivity of the sensors, eight different concentrations of naringin solution have been tested. By doing this, we will be able to ascertain the water solubility of naringin. It can be observed that the higher overlap distance improves the sensitivity of the sensor. Meanwhile, the MSM sensor exhibits superior performance than SMS sensor of the waist enlarged tapers. The results of the experiment showed that the MSM sensor with a 150 µm overlap distance had the highest sensitivity, measuring 752.81 nW/RIU.