A 50 dBi E-Band Dual-Reflector Antenna for 5G Backhauling With Auto-Beam-Tracking Function

An ultrahigh-gain E-band dual-reflector antenna for 5G backhaul with beam-tracking function is proposed in this article. Beam tracking is achieved by defocusing the feed away from the focus point of the sub-reflector, while keeping the interface with the transmit-receive unit stationary by applying a movable gap-waveguide configuration. The antenna has been prototyped and measured. The measured reflection coefficients remain below −10 dB for both horizontal and vertical polarizations over 71–86 GHz, almost independent of the offset positions of the feed. The measured radiation patterns agree well with the simulated ones, with a peak gain of about 50 dBi in the band and less than 1 dB gain drop for beam steering within ±2°. Finally, a low-cost and environmentally friendly mechanical tracking system is proposed, prototyped, and tested. Measurements have verified that the tracking system functions well for slow sways.