Turbulent Single-Scattering Channel Model for Ultraviolet Communications Using Equivalent Scattering Point Approach

None-line-of-sight (NLOS) ultraviolet (UV) communication has attracted increasing attention in recent years. The atmospheric turbulence will deteriorate the performance of NLOS UV communications. Existing works on the turbulent model of NLOS UV single-scattering channels only considered the narrow beam cases. In this letter, we propose a turbulent channel model using the equivalent scattering points (ESPs) approach to characterize the fluctuation effect on UV signals under large full-width beam divergence angles and field-of-view angles. An analytical turbulent scintillation index is derived considering the turbulent correlation between different ESPs and is verified by its numerical solutions. Numerical results demonstrate that the turbulent scintillation index will increase with the turbulent correlation distance. Besides, we demonstrate that a large common volume can mitigate the turbulent fluctuation effect on UV communications, which can be explained by an “equivalent spatial diversity effect” due to the large common volume.